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This site provides general information only and does not constitute legal, financial, or professional advice.

Important: This website provides general information for directors of companies registered in England and Wales. Different laws and procedures apply in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

Insolvency Guides for Company Directors

Start with a question or choose one of six clear topics. These plain-English guides cover warning signs, creditor pressure, directors' responsibilities, personal exposure and possible procedures.

49 guides shown across all categories.

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Explore HMRC and creditor pressure, personal risk for directors, or rescue and closure options.

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Categories are consolidated across the library so similar subjects appear together. If you prefer to start with what is happening rather than a technical topic, visit What are you worried about?

Bailiff action against a company

What bailiff action can mean for an insolvent company and what directors should do next.

Creditor pressure
Last reviewed: 2026-04-11

Bounce Back Loans When a Company Cannot Pay

Understand the difference between an unpaid Bounce Back Loan and possible misconduct when a company is insolvent.

Personal and financial impact
Last reviewed: 2026-09-07

Can a company recover from insolvency?

When recovery is possible and when closure is more realistic.

Warning signs
Last reviewed: 2026-03-10

Can a Director Be Personally Liable for Company Debts?

When limited liability may not protect a director from every company debt and which documents and decisions matter.

Personal and financial impact
Last reviewed: 2026-09-07

Can an Insolvent Company Be Struck Off?

Why voluntary strike-off is not normally a substitute for dealing properly with an insolvent company's creditors.

Options and procedures
Last reviewed: 2026-09-07

Can directors be personally liable for company debts?

When directors may become personally liable in insolvency situations.

Director responsibilities
Last reviewed: 2026-04-11

Can directors continue trading while insolvent?

Whether a company can continue trading when insolvency is likely.

Director responsibilities
Last reviewed: 2026-03-10

Can HMRC Close My Company?

How unpaid company tax can lead from collection activity to a winding-up petition, and why early action matters.

Creditor pressure
Last reviewed: 2026-09-07

Can you buy a house after insolvency?

What insolvency means for future borrowing and buying a house.

Personal and financial impact
Last reviewed: 2026-03-10

Closing an insolvent company

A practical guide to closing an insolvent company in England and Wales.

Warning signs
Last reviewed: 2026-04-11

Company Records to Preserve Before Insolvency

A practical checklist of records directors should preserve when the company is under serious financial pressure.

Director responsibilities
Last reviewed: 2026-09-07

Creditors' Voluntary Liquidation (CVL) Explained

How a CVL works, when it's the right option, and what directors should expect from the process.

Options and procedures
Last reviewed: 2026-02-15

CVL vs Compulsory Liquidation

Compare a Creditors' Voluntary Liquidation with liquidation ordered by the court.

Options and procedures
Last reviewed: 2026-09-07

Dealing with HMRC Debt

Options available to company directors who owe money to HMRC, including Time to Pay, restructuring, and formal insolvency routes.

Options and procedures
Last reviewed: 2026-04-11

Directors' Duties When Facing Insolvency

Your legal obligations as a director once your company is insolvent or approaching insolvency.

Director responsibilities
Last reviewed: 2026-02-15

Directors' Redundancy Claims

A guide for directors on how to claim redundancy when their company enters insolvency.

Director responsibilities
Last reviewed: 2026-02-15

Does insolvency write off debt?

Which company debts may end with insolvency and what may still continue afterwards.

Personal and financial impact
Last reviewed: 2026-04-11

HMRC Time to Pay for a Limited Company

How HMRC payment plans work, what to prepare and what to consider if the company cannot afford one.

Creditor pressure
Last reviewed: 2026-09-07

How do you close an insolvent company?

The main steps in closing an insolvent company properly.

Warning signs
Last reviewed: 2026-03-10

How long does insolvency stay on your record?

How long insolvency remains on records and what that means afterwards.

Personal and financial impact
Last reviewed: 2026-04-11

How much debt is needed for insolvency?

Whether there is a minimum debt level for insolvency in England and Wales.

Personal and financial impact
Last reviewed: 2026-04-11

Insolvency Service Director Investigations

What directors may be asked about after company insolvency and how to respond carefully and honestly.

Director responsibilities
Last reviewed: 2026-09-07

Overdrawn Director's Loan Account and Insolvency

What an overdrawn director's loan account may mean when a company is struggling or enters insolvency.

Director responsibilities
Last reviewed: 2026-09-07

Personal Guarantees When a Company Fails

How personal guarantees can create exposure separate from the company's debts and which documents matter.

Personal and financial impact
Last reviewed: 2026-09-07

Pre-Pack Administration Explained

How a pre-arranged business sale through administration works and the safeguards around connected-person purchases.

Options and procedures
Last reviewed: 2026-09-07

Reusing a Company Name After Liquidation

Restrictions that may apply when a director wants to use the same or a similar business name after insolvent liquidation.

Personal and financial impact
Last reviewed: 2026-09-07

Salary, Dividends and Drawings When a Company Is Struggling

How to distinguish salary, expenses, dividends and director's loan transactions during financial distress.

Director responsibilities
Last reviewed: 2026-09-07

Strike off vs liquidation

The difference between strike off and liquidation for distressed companies.

Options and procedures
Last reviewed: 2026-04-11

Taking Customer Deposits When a Company Is Struggling

What directors should consider before accepting deposits, advance payments or new orders during financial distress.

Director responsibilities
Last reviewed: 2026-09-07

What are preferential payments before liquidation?

How preferential payments can create risk for directors before liquidation.

Director responsibilities
Last reviewed: 2026-03-10

What are the signs of insolvency?

A guide to the warning signs that a UK company may be insolvent.

Understanding insolvency
Last reviewed: 2026-03-10

What debts cannot be written off?

Which debts may survive insolvency and which do not.

Personal and financial impact
Last reviewed: 2026-03-10

What happens if a company cannot pay HMRC?

What directors should know about HMRC arrears, enforcement, and insolvency risk.

Creditor pressure
Last reviewed: 2026-03-10

What happens if a company cannot pay its debts?

What directors should expect when a company cannot pay its debts in England and Wales.

Warning signs
Last reviewed: 2026-04-11

What happens if a company gets a CCJ?

A guide to company CCJs and what they may lead to.

Creditor pressure
Last reviewed: 2026-03-10

What Happens If a Winding-Up Petition Is Ignored?

Why ignoring a winding-up petition can rapidly reduce a company's options and what directors should prioritise.

Creditor pressure
Last reviewed: 2026-09-07

What is a Company Voluntary Arrangement (CVA)?

A guide to CVAs for companies seeking to restructure debt in England and Wales.

Options and procedures
Last reviewed: 2026-04-11

What is a Creditors Voluntary Liquidation (CVL)?

How a CVL works for insolvent companies in England and Wales.

Options and procedures
Last reviewed: 2026-04-11

What is a statutory demand?

What a statutory demand means and what directors should do next.

Creditor pressure
Last reviewed: 2026-03-10

What is a winding-up petition?

What a winding-up petition means for a UK company and its directors.

Creditor pressure
Last reviewed: 2026-03-10

What is company administration?

How administration works and when it may protect a business in England and Wales.

Options and procedures
Last reviewed: 2026-04-11

What is compulsory liquidation?

A guide to court-driven liquidation following creditor action.

Options and procedures
Last reviewed: 2026-04-11

What Is Insolvency?

A plain-English introduction to company insolvency, what it means and the two main tests used in England and Wales.

Understanding insolvency
Last reviewed: 2026-09-07

What is the balance sheet test for insolvency?

How the balance sheet test works for UK companies.

Understanding insolvency
Last reviewed: 2026-03-10

What is the cashflow test for insolvency?

How the cashflow test works and what it means for directors.

Understanding insolvency
Last reviewed: 2026-03-10

What is wrongful trading?

A guide to wrongful trading under UK insolvency law.

Director responsibilities
Last reviewed: 2026-03-10

What to Expect at a First Insolvency Advice Meeting

What a director may be asked, what to bring and what a first conversation should help clarify.

Understanding insolvency
Last reviewed: 2026-09-07

When is a company insolvent?

When a company becomes legally insolvent under UK law.

Understanding insolvency
Last reviewed: 2026-03-10

Who gets paid first in insolvency?

The general order of priority for creditor payments in insolvency.

Personal and financial impact
Last reviewed: 2026-04-11

All guide titles

Bailiff action against a companyBounce Back Loans When a Company Cannot PayCan a company recover from insolvency?Can a Director Be Personally Liable for Company Debts?Can an Insolvent Company Be Struck Off?Can directors be personally liable for company debts?Can directors continue trading while insolvent?Can HMRC Close My Company?Can you buy a house after insolvency?Closing an insolvent companyCompany Records to Preserve Before InsolvencyCreditors' Voluntary Liquidation (CVL) ExplainedCVL vs Compulsory LiquidationDealing with HMRC DebtDirectors' Duties When Facing InsolvencyDirectors' Redundancy ClaimsDoes insolvency write off debt?HMRC Time to Pay for a Limited CompanyHow do you close an insolvent company?How long does insolvency stay on your record?How much debt is needed for insolvency?Insolvency Service Director InvestigationsOverdrawn Director's Loan Account and InsolvencyPersonal Guarantees When a Company FailsPre-Pack Administration ExplainedReusing a Company Name After LiquidationSalary, Dividends and Drawings When a Company Is StrugglingStrike off vs liquidationTaking Customer Deposits When a Company Is StrugglingWhat are preferential payments before liquidation?What are the signs of insolvency?What debts cannot be written off?What happens if a company cannot pay HMRC?What happens if a company cannot pay its debts?What happens if a company gets a CCJ?What Happens If a Winding-Up Petition Is Ignored?What is a Company Voluntary Arrangement (CVA)?What is a Creditors Voluntary Liquidation (CVL)?What is a statutory demand?What is a winding-up petition?What is company administration?What is compulsory liquidation?What Is Insolvency?What is the balance sheet test for insolvency?What is the cashflow test for insolvency?What is wrongful trading?What to Expect at a First Insolvency Advice MeetingWhen is a company insolvent?Who gets paid first in insolvency?
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